Terms A-Z

Technical personnel are one of the three categories of R&D personnel. Technical personnel are persons who perform scientific ... and specialised tasks related to R&D, usually under the direction and supervision of a researcher. (see also R&D personnel).

Third-party funding comprises funds obtained from public or private sources, in addition to the regular higher education ... institution budget (core funding), to support research and experimental development (R&D), early-career researchers and teaching. Such funding may be awarded to the higher education institution itself, one of its organisational units (e.g. faculties, departments or institutes), or individual academic staff members. In the higher education finance statistics, however, only funds that are included in the higher education institution’s budget or administered by the institution through custodial accounts are recorded.

A training contract is concluded between the company providing training and the apprentice on the basis of the Vocational ... Training Act or the Craft Trades Law. The content and duration of training and the examination requirements are set out in the Federal Government’s training regulations. The training duration is between two and three years, usually three.

In Germany, training occupations are occupational activities that can be learned under the dual system of vocational education ... and training. Young people can only be trained in officially recognized training occupations. Official recognition is granted through training regulations under the Vocational Training Act (BBiG) or the Craft Trades Law (HwO). The skills to be learned in vocational training are defined in the Vocational Training Act and the training regulations in question.

Official statistics differentiate between the following training sectors in company-based vocational training: trade and ... industry, skilled trades, agriculture, public sector, home management, independent professions (e.g. lawyers and notaries, patent lawyers, tax accountants, tax agents, auditors, doctors, dentists, veterinarians, pharmacists) and maritime transport.