Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD)
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) comprises all expenditure on research and experimental development (R&D) performed within the national territory during a given period, regardless of the source of funds. It therefore includes funding from abroad and from international organisations for R&D carried out within the national territory. Excluded are funds for R&D performed abroad by international organisations located within the national territory, as well as funds provided to other countries for R&D performed abroad.