Tab.1.7.9,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,
"Personnel of non-higher education science institutions, by type of institution and fields of science (full-time equivalents)",,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,
,,,Total,Natural sciences,Engineering,Medicine,Agricultural sciences,Social sciences and humanities
Type of institution,Personnel 1),Year 2),Number,Number,Number,Number,Number,Number
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2000,21699,11909,7313,2275,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2003,21794,11394,7905,2298,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2004,21664,11408,7888,2204,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2005,21844,11337,8075,2223,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2006,22757,12119,8004,2414,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2007,23283,12467,8138,2477,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2008,23770,12846,8175,2552,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2009,24370,12784,8333,3040,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2010,25885,13382,8746,3483,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2011,27567,14643,8780,3841,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2012,29403,15893,8858,4392,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2013,30763,16820,9189,4478,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2014,31751,21126,7121,3204,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2015,32012,20590,8526,2642,2,253
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2016,31837,20386,8356,2852,0,243
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2017,32226,20522,8423,3046,0,235
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2018,32962,21121,8370,3235,0,235
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2019,33979,21524,8887,3330,0,238
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2020,34789,21991,9309,3231,0,257
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2021,36378,22015,10965,3141,0,257
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),Total,2022,36311,21601,11284,3192,0,233
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2000,21624,11836,7313,2276,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2003,21785,11385,7905,2298,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2004,21664,11408,7888,2204,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2005,21844,11337,8075,2223,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2006,22757,12119,8004,2414,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2007,23283,12467,8138,2477,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2008,23770,12846,8175,2552,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2009,24370,12784,8333,3040,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2010,25885,13382,8746,3483,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2011,27567,14643,8780,3841,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2012,29403,15893,8858,4392,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2013,30763,16820,9189,4478,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2014,31706,21087,7121,3202,z,z
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2015,31909,20497,8522,2639,2,250
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2016,31736,20293,8353,2849,0,240
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2017,32117,20422,8420,3043,0,232
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2018,32853,21021,8367,3231,0,233
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2019,33868,21423,8884,3326,0,235
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2020,34682,21893,9305,3229,0,254
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2021,36273,21921,10960,3138,0,254
1. Helmholtz Centres (national research institutions),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2022,36258,21549,11284,3192,0,233
Type of institution,Personnel 1),Year 2),Number,Number,Number,Number,Number,Number
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2000,9275,7165,-,1007,-,1056
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2003,10822,8691,z,737,-,1317
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2004,11850,9796,z,373,-,1561
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2005,11775,9954,z,336,-,1318
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2006,11559,9716,z,307,-,1359
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2007,11785,9847,216,324,-,1398
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2008,11882,9774,170,z,z,1405
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2009,12308,9944,194,582,z,z
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2010,12672,10254,z,612,z,1584
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2011,12629,10057,z,657,z,1652
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2012,12733,10122,z,686,z,1664
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2013,12716,10321,159,671,31,1533
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2014,12633,10161,157,783,z,z
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2015,13036,10261,379,795,31,1569
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2016,14030,11204,530,598,45,1653
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2017,15035,12006,652,590,36,1750
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2018,15736,12445,706,635,40,1910
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2019,16022,12643,752,631,39,1957
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2020,16242,12716,814,697,38,1977
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2021,16130,12664,811,644,38,1972
2. Max Planck Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2022,17016,13546,839,601,38,1992
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2000,7261,1651,5372,z,82,z
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2003,8539,1942,6179,165,z,z
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2004,8971,2350,6189,161,z,z
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2005,9604,2971,6282,z,74,z
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2006,10024,3080,6393,z,z,z
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2007,10519,3118,6771,325,z,z
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2008,11282,2974,7544,z,z,z
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2009,13221,3326,8573,546,119,656
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2010,13962,4292,8358,z,161,z
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2011,14823,4862,8373,z,m,z
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2012,15319,5048,8704,548,z,z
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2013,15759,5358,9002,732,z,z
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2014,16729,5752,9200,849,109,818
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2015,16902,3606,11692,906,124,574
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2016,17027,3685,11446,823,370,702
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2017,17572,3745,11866,829,402,730
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2018,18206,3904,12307,839,404,752
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2019,19181,4171,12908,882,422,797
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2020,19928,4546,13277,910,408,787
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2021,21026,5078,13802,1039,396,710
3. Fraunhofer Institutes,Total (100% R&D),2022,21432,5206,14002,1090,397,737
Type of institution,Personnel 1),Year 2),Number,Number,Number,Number,Number,Number
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2000,10363,5123,z,1097,z,2319
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2003,9839,5080,z,1062,z,2085
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2004,9715,4743,z,983,z,2244
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2005,10128,5218,z,1052,z,2298
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2006,10983,5678,1041,1017,725,2520
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2007,11016,5964,842,960,688,2562
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2008,10836,5984,936,758,705,2452
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2009,11871,6353,z,1230,z,2809
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2010,12491,6738,z,z,527,2962
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2011,12303,6386,z,z,m,3099
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2012,12459,6256,z,1383,z,3291
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2013,13082,6755,1051,1489,564,3223
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2014,13746,6484,641,1688,1364,3569
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2015,13505,6825,838,1000,1212,3630
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2016,13996,6998,766,1052,1170,4009
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2017,14498,6998,1083,969,1170,4278
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2018,14622,7009,1109,875,1187,4441
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2019,14902,7228,1060,844,1199,4570
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2020,14896,7124,1146,838,1208,4580
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2021,15317,7402,1186,888,1171,4670
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,Total,2022,15391,7092,1068,1028,1233,4969
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2000,8975,4544,z,989,z,1926
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2003,8210,4519,z,873,z,1617
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2004,8365,4250,z,907,z,1842
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2005,8787,4734,z,963,z,1913
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2006,9563,5274,630,942,719,1998
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2007,9699,5576,605,889,682,1947
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2008,9532,5513,652,689,695,1984
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2009,10530,5862,z,1163,z,2326
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2010,11270,6354,z,z,516,2474
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2011,10987,5947,z,z,m,2576
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2012,11147,5898,z,1317,z,2664
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2013,11969,6352,916,1423,560,2718
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2014,12229,5902,474,1626,1345,2882
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2015,11979,6322,576,955,1176,2950
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2016,11972,6216,508,990,1104,3155
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2017,12560,6244,771,960,1109,3476
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2018,12946,6385,899,872,1148,3644
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2019,13069,6547,824,836,1161,3701
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2020,13117,6488,916,829,1169,3716
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2021,13553,6729,942,880,1153,3849
4. Institutions of the Leibniz Association,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2022,13715,6505,883,1014,1216,4096
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2000,24911,9708,3022,2034,7756,2391
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2003,23888,9123,3151,2775,6552,2287
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2004,25062,8886,3870,2834,7084,2388
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2005,24014,8752,3048,2724,7057,2433
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2006,27256,9282,3534,3149,8520,2771
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2007,27062,9111,3660,3100,8522,2669
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2008,27035,10067,3450,3704,7229,2586
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2009,27576,9896,4201,4135,7393,1950
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2010,26680,10084,4382,3690,6131,2393
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2011,27102,10135,4421,3750,6369,2427
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2012,26858,10029,4460,3741,6196,2433
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2013,26783,10037,4564,3684,5983,2516
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2014,24979,9118,4205,3587,5962,2107
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2015,24375,8973,4208,2940,6359,1894
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2016,24417,8771,4352,2887,6396,2012
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2017,24746,8782,4356,3056,6484,2068
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2018,25262,9014,4526,3130,6313,2278
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2019,25541,9076,4660,2942,6616,2247
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2020,25650,8751,4854,3514,6373,2158
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2021,26501,9013,4951,3667,6608,2262
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2022,26796,9253,5018,3762,6601,2161
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2000,11463,3231,1027,771,4957,1477
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2003,10728,2687,1148,966,4451,1476
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2004,11110,2626,1176,980,4738,1590
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2005,11031,2612,1132,897,4763,1628
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2006,11492,3069,1320,1021,4688,1394
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2007,11309,2992,1244,1042,4686,1345
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2008,11457,3027,1149,1186,4700,1395
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2009,11695,2997,1355,1304,4689,1351
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2010,12155,3202,1509,1373,4626,1443
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2011,12293,3202,1513,1399,4730,1449
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2012,12115,3121,1627,1342,4556,1470
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2013,11851,2950,1691,1410,4337,1464
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2014,12034,2765,2335,1232,4243,1460
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2015,11321,2690,1555,1151,4491,1434
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2016,11724,3184,1571,1132,4472,1366
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2017,12057,3259,1625,1231,4523,1419
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2018,12367,3358,1708,1266,4406,1629
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2019,12218,3435,1757,1130,4277,1619
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2020,12209,3268,1911,1374,4146,1509
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2021,13073,3814,2023,1495,4113,1628
"5. Public institutions (excluding libraries, archives and museums; excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2022,13094,3679,2181,1580,4191,1462
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2000,9304,722,119,98,111,8254
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2003,9885,930,133,128,114,8580
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2004,9594,911,122,125,100,8335
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2005,9569,814,119,93,94,8449
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2006,9814,868,178,98,115,8555
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2007,9959,880,164,99,55,8760
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2008,10263,942,180,104,58,8978
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2009,10205,819,174,104,57,9051
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2010,10062,958,170,98,54,8782
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2011,10366,968,141,94,52,9110
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2012,9835,780,93,92,51,8819
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2013,9868,820,96,96,52,8804
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2014,9775,605,83,74,37,8977
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2015,9756,518,16,12,7,9202
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2016,9757,544,337,74,29,8773
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2017,10905,613,360,113,65,9754
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2018,11128,549,373,113,69,10025
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2019,11756,579,355,118,73,10630
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2020,11727,586,358,122,76,10584
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2021,11808,538,365,128,89,10687
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)",Total,2022,12243,557,373,66,35,11211
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2000,2251,300,25,10,55,1861
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2003,2643,461,29,6,54,2093
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2004,2684,461,29,14,44,2136
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2005,2605,368,30,9,9,2190
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2006,2947,474,47,10,65,2350
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2007,3119,522,34,10,6,2548
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2008,3267,571,50,10,6,2630
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2009,3167,423,47,10,6,2680
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2010,3104,559,48,10,5,2482
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2011,3349,575,26,9,5,2734
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2012,3183,417,9,9,5,2742
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2013,3568,573,10,10,5,2971
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2014,3374,492,31,7,11,2832
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2015,3360,429,2,4,1,2923
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2016,3458,420,34,10,3,2992
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2017,3399,254,36,14,7,3088
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2018,3548,250,61,31,24,3184
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2019,3722,277,59,33,26,3327
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2020,3678,278,46,35,28,3291
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2021,3815,362,48,37,34,3334
"6. Scientific libraries, archives and museums (excluding institutions of the Leibniz Association)","  Of which, R&D personnel",2022,3608,256,40,7,7,3299
7. Other research institutions,Total,2000,12990,3335,5202,474,378,3601
7. Other research institutions,Total,2003,13082,3449,4786,465,322,4060
7. Other research institutions,Total,2004,13368,4025,4645,581,321,3794
7. Other research institutions,Total,2005,12557,3644,4444,494,297,3677
7. Other research institutions,Total,2006,12365,3046,4502,472,353,3991
7. Other research institutions,Total,2007,13101,3813,4412,464,392,4020
7. Other research institutions,Total,2008,13981,4074,4490,631,467,4319
7. Other research institutions,Total,2009,13376,3956,4263,392,461,4304
7. Other research institutions,Total,2010,13076,3743,4219,384,511,4218
7. Other research institutions,Total,2011,13638,4210,4131,357,520,4420
7. Other research institutions,Total,2012,13761,4153,4192,485,511,4422
7. Other research institutions,Total,2013,13410,3734,4288,396,535,4457
7. Other research institutions,Total,2014,13986,3554,4435,356,575,5065
7. Other research institutions,Total,2015,15725,2793,5468,960,626,5878
7. Other research institutions,Total,2016,16564,3495,4863,505,829,6871
7. Other research institutions,Total,2017,16876,3609,4828,568,852,7018
7. Other research institutions,Total,2018,17152,3787,4789,523,838,7215
7. Other research institutions,Total,2019,17914,3210,5932,558,730,7483
7. Other research institutions,Total,2020,18473,3391,6063,580,719,7719
7. Other research institutions,Total,2021,19402,3562,6477,498,748,8117
7. Other research institutions,Total,2022,20146,3488,6604,630,851,8573
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2000,10600,3056,4091,411,240,2802
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2003,11140,3034,4319,414,209,3164
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2004,11444,3635,4084,534,219,2971
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2005,10607,3229,3910,461,196,2811
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2006,10016,2681,3563,449,251,3073
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2007,10930,3351,3825,441,290,3024
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2008,11877,3602,3953,604,361,3357
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2009,11342,3474,3751,358,355,3404
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2010,11483,3272,3821,356,436,3597
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2011,12017,3722,3725,333,415,3821
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2012,11983,3633,3738,463,409,3740
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2013,11535,3208,3731,370,446,3781
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2014,12300,3314,3804,323,495,4365
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2015,13211,2609,4719,468,486,4929
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2016,13259,2882,4221,444,526,5185
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2017,13286,2892,4008,507,547,5330
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2018,13831,3069,4160,458,578,5566
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2019,14513,2560,5188,490,446,5829
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2020,14840,2660,5337,508,438,5897
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2021,15399,2741,5686,407,446,6120
7. Other research institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2022,15921,2626,5800,502,533,6459
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2000,95802,39611,22125,7060,9186,17820
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2003,97849,40609,23085,7630,7860,18665
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2004,100222,42120,23858,7257,8314,18674
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2005,99490,42694,22985,7117,8296,18397
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2006,104755,43790,23829,7711,9893,19531
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2007,106725,45200,24203,7750,9810,19763
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2008,109048,46661,24945,8583,8708,20150
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2009,112926,47078,26702,10028,8686,20431
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2010,114827,49450,27007,10027,7508,20835
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2011,118426,51261,27048,10527,7714,21875
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2012,120368,52281,27448,11326,7619,21694
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2013,122380,53845,28348,11545,7346,21295
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2014,123598,56801,25841,10542,8109,22305
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2015,125309,53565,31128,9255,8362,22999
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2016,127627,55084,30650,8791,8839,24263
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2017,131857,56275,31568,9172,9010,25831
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2018,135066,57828,32181,9350,8850,26857
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2019,139293,58432,34555,9305,9078,27922
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2020,141703,59105,35821,9892,8822,28063
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2021,146560,60272,38556,10005,9051,28674
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),Total,2022,149334,60743,39189,10370,9155,29877
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2000,71454,31784,18602,5540,6168,9360
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2003,73867,32719,20107,5459,5579,10003
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2004,76088,34526,20139,5170,5804,10450
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2005,76254,35205,20073,5085,5810,10081
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2006,78357,36413,20135,5396,5903,10510
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2007,80644,37873,20833,5508,5815,10614
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2008,83066,38308,21692,5875,6010,11181
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2009,86633,38810,22928,7003,5813,12079
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2010,90531,41315,23343,7525,5869,12478
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2011,93663,43008,23341,8001,5913,13400
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2012,95882,44132,23826,8756,5823,13345
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2013,98161,45581,24697,9094,5560,13229
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2014,101005,49474,23121,8022,6265,14123
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2015,101717,46414,27445,6918,6311,14629
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2016,103206,47885,26663,6846,6520,15293
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2017,106025,48822,27379,7175,6624,16025
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2018,109487,50432,28207,7331,6599,16917
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2019,112592,51055,30371,7330,6371,17466
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2020,114695,51850,31606,7581,6226,17432
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2021,119268,53310,34271,7640,6181,17867
8. Total (sum 1. to 7.),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2022,121044,53366,35029,7987,6382,18279
"Type of institution, for information",Personnel 1),Year 2),Number,Number,Number,Number,Number,Number
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2000,17532,7675,2256,z,4211,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2003,17218,7487,2395,z,3349,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2004,17722,7432,3003,z,3145,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2005,16734,7365,2291,z,3121,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2006,19007,8110,2702,z,3248,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2007,19027,8168,2747,z,3187,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2008,19962,8891,2818,z,3082,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2009,20501,8736,3650,z,3070,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2010,21061,8903,3862,z,3083,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2011,21268,8986,3855,z,3130,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2012,21174,8971,3792,z,3106,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2013,21373,9020,z,3684,3152,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2014,19345,8008,z,3587,3078,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2015,18359,7922,3504,2940,2968,1025
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2016,18347,7737,3649,2887,3012,1063
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2017,18632,7798,3622,3056,3067,1090
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2018,19286,8066,3797,3112,3105,1206
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2019,19266,8183,3853,2924,3119,1187
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2020,19609,7842,4027,3498,3146,1096
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2021,20370,8101,4193,3648,3243,1185
Federal institutions performing R&D,Total,2022,20660,8215,4325,3744,3259,1116
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2000,8341,2738,856,z,3036,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2003,7738,2239,937,z,2776,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2004,7740,2213,891,z,2745,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2005,7597,2260,863,z,2743,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2006,8320,2763,925,z,2820,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2007,8319,2733,939,z,2769,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2008,8271,2746,1003,z,2604,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2009,8578,2714,1213,z,2587,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2010,9225,2914,1374,z,2596,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2011,9288,2920,1367,z,2633,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2012,9315,2913,1465,z,2603,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2013,9450,2783,z,1410,2719,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2014,9629,2550,z,1232,2655,z
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2015,8584,2475,1363,1151,2590,1006
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2016,9146,2987,1366,1132,2630,1031
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2017,9405,3068,1397,1231,2675,1034
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2018,9747,3143,1476,1255,2701,1173
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2019,9643,3226,1486,1119,2651,1161
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2020,9802,3082,1625,1364,2679,1052
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2021,10663,3623,1768,1483,2653,1135
Federal institutions performing R&D,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2022,10760,3492,1956,1570,2677,1066
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2000,8595,2585,767,197,3546,1500
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2003,7851,2236,756,214,3203,1441
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2004,8270,1810,867,202,3938,1451
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2005,7962,1726,757,198,3937,1344
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2006,8248,1172,832,z,5272,z
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2007,8793,1186,912,262,5335,1098
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2008,7675,1518,692,97,4151,1216
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2009,7760,1520,613,z,4329,z
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2010,6269,1555,583,z,3053,z
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2011,6320,1352,630,z,3244,z
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2012,6313,1402,734,z,3095,z
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2013,6028,1340,764,z,2835,z
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2014,6026,1266,761,z,2888,z
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2015,6391,1205,801,63,3420,901
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2016,6651,1257,856,71,3422,1047
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2017,6615,1224,869,7,3427,1088
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2018,6445,1194,870,24,3217,1139
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2019,6769,1150,935,27,3508,1149
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2020,6560,1170,979,28,3239,1144
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2021,6716,1214,946,31,3378,1147
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),Total,2022,6136,1039,692,18,3342,1045
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2000,4145,901,172,150,1921,1001
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2003,3670,827,211,115,1675,844
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2004,4189,658,285,198,1993,1054
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2005,4015,589,269,195,2020,942
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2006,3172,306,394,z,1868,z
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2007,3504,493,306,192,1917,597
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2008,3547,531,152,28,2097,739
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2009,3556,544,149,z,2103,z
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2010,3332,564,142,z,2031,z
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2011,3246,389,153,z,2097,z
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2012,3179,455,169,z,1954,z
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2013,2769,401,146,z,1619,z
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2014,2538,276,168,z,1588,z
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2015,2873,285,204,18,1910,457
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2016,2736,273,218,20,1851,374
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2017,2804,276,242,1,1849,436
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2018,3007,418,349,16,1713,511
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2019,2895,387,348,16,1632,511
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2020,2766,376,386,17,1476,511
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2021,2832,417,385,19,1468,542
Länder and local government institutions performing R&D (including institutions of the Leibniz Association),"  Of which, R&D personnel",2022,2334,187,225,11,1514,396
Higher education institutions,Total,2000,5285,1689,1627,750,113,1106
Higher education institutions,Total,2003,5061,1656,1806,580,82,937
Higher education institutions,Total,2004,5213,1740,1806,644,39,984
Higher education institutions,Total,2005,5049,1645,1712,639,27,1025
Higher education institutions,Total,2006,5609,1753,1822,636,55,1343
Higher education institutions,Total,2007,6107,2159,1900,630,94,1323
Higher education institutions,Total,2008,6123,2390,1941,567,180,1045
Higher education institutions,Total,2009,6234,2602,1839,586,92,1115
Higher education institutions,Total,2010,6685,2804,2071,566,103,1141
Higher education institutions,Total,2011,6112,2313,1907,558,101,1233
Higher education institutions,Total,2012,6210,2521,1900,554,103,1131
Higher education institutions,Total,2013,6714,2401,2313,460,106,1434
Higher education institutions,Total,2014,7166,2808,2015,381,165,1798
Higher education institutions,Total,2015,7297,2179,2699,425,150,1844
Higher education institutions,Total,2016,7587,2286,2648,426,139,2088
Higher education institutions,Total,2017,7744,2404,2506,448,138,2248
Higher education institutions,Total,2018,8065,2535,2654,391,142,2343
Higher education institutions,Total,2019,8284,1877,3524,348,148,2386
Higher education institutions,Total,2020,8528,1833,3768,378,153,2396
Higher education institutions,Total,2021,9119,1833,4234,368,151,2533
Higher education institutions,Total,2022,9161,1701,3987,391,132,2950
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2000,4586,1551,1250,724,94,967
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2003,4030,1314,1425,560,63,668
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2004,4625,1503,1609,621,42,851
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2005,4219,1363,1359,626,25,846
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2006,4684,1526,1383,633,52,1090
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2007,5182,1954,1572,625,92,939
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2008,5024,2076,1572,555,124,698
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2009,5193,2268,1469,568,83,806
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2010,5684,2499,1720,558,94,813
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2011,5088,2008,1537,551,91,900
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2012,5250,2198,1539,549,92,872
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2013,5557,2042,1893,449,92,1081
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2014,6325,2627,1720,364,155,1459
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2015,6408,2064,2319,407,141,1477
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2016,6288,2074,2196,396,116,1507
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2017,6298,2190,1972,425,114,1597
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2018,6915,2400,2262,366,125,1762
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2019,7005,1777,2989,320,128,1793
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2020,7190,1729,3221,345,132,1763
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2021,7663,1730,3654,315,129,1835
Higher education institutions,"  Of which, R&D personnel",2022,7727,1610,3467,344,115,2191
,,,,,,,,
"Source: Federal Statistical Office, special evaluation",,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,
Notes:,,,,,,,,
1) Including personnel (FTE) which can not be distributed to Länder.,,,,,,,,
"2) Survey reference day for each year is 30 June (ACTUAL). Personnel allocation to fields of sciences according to the structure of expenditure of the respective institution. As of 2015, changes of the classification of scientific branches and fields: engineering includes informatics.",,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,
- = no figures or magnitude zero.,,,,,,,,
m = data not available.,,,,,,,,
"z = value not stated for reasons of confidentiality, but included in the total.",,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,
"Results of the ICE-BMBF's ICE-Database of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) (ICE = Information, Controlling, Entscheidung)",,,,,,,,
"A system of the German Centre for Higher Education Research and Science Studies (DZHW), http://www.dzhw.eu/en/index_html",,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,
"Last update: January 29, 2025",,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,
This work is licensed under a Data licence Germany attribution 2.0.,,,,,,,,
(https://www.govdata.de/dl-de/by-2-0),,,,,,,,