Tab.1.7.6,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,
"Personnel of higher education institutions, by fields of science (full-time equivalents) 1)",,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,
,,,Total,Central institutions,Natural sciences,Engineering,Medicine 2),Agricultural sciences,Social sciences and humanities
Personnel group,Year 3),Sex,Number,Number,Number,Number,Number,Number,Number
Academic and creative arts personnel,2004,Total,149507,5524,32565,24151,38005,4349,44912
Academic and creative arts personnel,2004,Female,39597,1865,6000,2822,13393,1457,14059
Academic and creative arts personnel,2004,Male,109910,3659,26565,21329,24612,2892,30853
Academic and creative arts personnel,2005,Total,154207,5488,33473,25785,40118,4184,45160
Academic and creative arts personnel,2005,Female,44771,2058,7121,3383,15361,1576,15272
Academic and creative arts personnel,2005,Male,109436,3430,26352,22402,24757,2608,29888
Academic and creative arts personnel,2006,Total,158172,6327,32302,26386,39916,4084,49156
Academic and creative arts personnel,2006,Female,45919,2347,6740,3627,14768,1492,16945
Academic and creative arts personnel,2006,Male,112253,3980,25562,22759,25148,2592,32211
Academic and creative arts personnel,2007,Total,163882,7149,33072,27170,41548,4232,50713
Academic and creative arts personnel,2007,Female,49552,2811,7247,3891,15917,1621,18065
Academic and creative arts personnel,2007,Male,114330,4338,25825,23279,25631,2611,32648
Academic and creative arts personnel,2008,Total,170783,7964,34719,28125,42584,4346,53045
Academic and creative arts personnel,2008,Female,53863,3200,7926,4197,17078,1698,19765
Academic and creative arts personnel,2008,Male,116920,4765,26793,23928,25507,2648,33280
Academic and creative arts personnel,2009,Total,183879,8827,37451,31094,44493,4515,57500
Academic and creative arts personnel,2009,Female,59184,3644,8765,4871,18276,1846,21783
Academic and creative arts personnel,2009,Male,124695,5183,28686,26223,26217,2669,35717
Academic and creative arts personnel,2010,Total,195487,10007,39506,34050,46268,4781,60874
Academic and creative arts personnel,2010,Female,64555,4264,9494,5539,19717,1977,23563
Academic and creative arts personnel,2010,Male,130932,5743,30012,28511,26551,2804,37311
Academic and creative arts personnel,2011,Total,201632,10621,40727,35262,47331,4879,62811
Academic and creative arts personnel,2011,Female,67869,4719,9955,5863,20477,2081,24775
Academic and creative arts personnel,2011,Male,133763,5902,30772,29399,26854,2798,38036
Academic and creative arts personnel,2012,Total,208595,11606,41897,37173,48205,4943,64772
Academic and creative arts personnel,2012,Female,71429,5342,10402,6329,21150,2151,26057
Academic and creative arts personnel,2012,Male,137166,6264,31495,30844,27055,2792,38715
Academic and creative arts personnel,2013,Total,215646,12200,42840,38678,49690,4956,67282
Academic and creative arts personnel,2013,Female,75271,5668,10802,6727,22257,2162,27655
Academic and creative arts personnel,2013,Male,140376,6532,32038,31951,27434,2794,39627
Academic and creative arts personnel,2014,Total,219734,12986,42920,39600,50265,4953,69009
Academic and creative arts personnel,2014,Female,77339,6021,10930,6911,22584,2175,28718
Academic and creative arts personnel,2014,Male,142394,6966,31990,32689,27681,2778,40291
Academic and creative arts personnel,2015,Total,221935,12653,33683,49202,51190,5056,70151
Academic and creative arts personnel,2015,Female,79374,6017,9736,8625,23380,2251,29364
Academic and creative arts personnel,2015,Male,142561,6636,23947,40577,27810,2804,40787
Academic and creative arts personnel,2016,Total,224157,12596,33828,49611,52552,5087,70483
Academic and creative arts personnel,2016,Female,80794,6042,9793,8693,24312,2265,29688
Academic and creative arts personnel,2016,Male,143363,6553,24035,40919,28240,2822,40795
Academic and creative arts personnel,2017,Total,229489,12698,34444,50990,53985,5345,72027
Academic and creative arts personnel,2017,Female,83427,6127,10078,9204,24879,2445,30694
Academic and creative arts personnel,2017,Male,146062,6571,24366,41786,29105,2900,41333
Academic and creative arts personnel,2018,Total,234185,13170,34660,51921,55780,5455,73198
Academic and creative arts personnel,2018,Female,86230,6446,10301,9459,25941,2500,31583
Academic and creative arts personnel,2018,Male,147955,6724,24359,42462,29839,2955,41615
Academic and creative arts personnel,2019,Total,237875,12822,34976,52914,57653,5429,74083
Academic and creative arts personnel,2019,Female,88570,6238,10570,9872,27000,2519,32371
Academic and creative arts personnel,2019,Male,149306,6584,24406,43042,30652,2910,41712
Academic and creative arts personnel,2020,Total,244529,13262,35378,54417,60584,5501,75387
Academic and creative arts personnel,2020,Female,92560,6400,10759,10515,28926,2576,33384
Academic and creative arts personnel,2020,Male,151969,6862,24619,43902,31659,2925,42003
Academic and creative arts personnel,2021,Total,250861,13782,35639,55946,62453,5621,77420
Academic and creative arts personnel,2021,Female,96784,6654,10986,11213,30310,2674,34947
Academic and creative arts personnel,2021,Male,154076,7128,24653,44733,32143,2947,42473
Academic and creative arts personnel,2022,Total,252418,14172,35665,55875,63645,5569,77492
Academic and creative arts personnel,2022,Female,98991,6930,11263,11594,31249,2664,35291
Academic and creative arts personnel,2022,Male,153426,7242,24402,44281,32396,2904,42200
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2004,Total,65764,-,20962,12890,9789,2464,19658
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2004,Female,15804,-,3861,1518,3439,825,6162
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2004,Male,49960,-,17101,11372,6350,1639,13496
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2005,Total,65363,-,20580,13304,9705,2350,19424
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2005,Female,18273,-,4737,1873,3825,932,6906
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2005,Male,47090,-,15843,11431,5880,1418,12518
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2006,Total,67273,-,21068,14249,9963,2258,19736
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2006,Female,19796,-,4954,2357,5001,859,6626
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2006,Male,47477,-,16114,11892,4962,1399,13110
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2007,Total,72985,-,22729,15454,11241,2428,21134
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2007,Female,22458,-,5558,2474,5254,1071,8102
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2007,Male,50527,-,17171,12980,5987,1357,13032
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2008,Total,77004,-,24303,16304,11900,2429,22068
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2008,Female,24588,-,6179,2729,5690,1092,8898
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2008,Male,52416,-,18124,13575,6210,1338,13169
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2009,Total,84852,-,26938,18522,12364,2630,24397
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2009,Female,27548,-,6930,3239,6067,1210,10101
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2009,Male,57304,-,20008,15283,6297,1420,14295
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2010,Total,90398,-,28586,19966,12851,2813,26181
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2010,Female,29871,-,7456,3552,6436,1313,11114
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2010,Male,60527,-,21130,16414,6415,1500,15067
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2011,Total,93811,-,29565,21024,13331,2859,27032
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2011,Female,31585,-,7842,3798,6848,1384,11713
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2011,Male,62226,-,21723,17226,6483,1475,15319
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2012,Total,97199,-,30192,22501,13338,2956,28213
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2012,Female,33181,-,8093,4199,6907,1452,12531
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2012,Male,64018,-,22099,18302,6431,1504,15682
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2013,Total,99123,-,30589,22487,13569,2958,29520
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2013,Female,35064,-,8572,4300,7122,1420,13650
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2013,Male,64059,-,22017,18187,6447,1538,15870
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2014,Total,100992,-,30596,23639,14201,2774,29783
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2014,Female,35759,-,8663,4409,7384,1340,13963
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2014,Male,65234,-,21933,19230,6817,1434,15820
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2015,Total,103148,-,25436,28564,14012,2732,32404
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2015,Female,37355,-,7888,5291,7453,1342,15382
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2015,Male,65792,-,17548,23273,6559,1390,17022
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2016,Total,109877,-,26670,30455,14287,2986,35478
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2016,Female,39380,-,8175,5580,7502,1473,16649
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2016,Male,70497,-,18495,24875,6784,1513,18829
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2017,Total,112143,-,26842,31653,14386,3152,36109
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2017,Female,40462,-,8264,5955,7580,1571,17092
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2017,Male,71681,-,18578,25698,6806,1582,19017
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2018,Total,114868,-,27024,32368,15020,3235,37221
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2018,Female,42040,-,8509,6088,7934,1598,17912
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2018,Male,72828,-,18515,26281,7086,1638,19309
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2019,Total,114512,-,26553,33124,15528,3266,36041
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2019,Female,42026,-,8451,6384,8233,1625,17333
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2019,Male,72486,-,18102,26741,7294,1640,18709
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2020,Total,117638,-,26687,34475,16809,3302,36365
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2020,Female,43851,-,8456,6877,8993,1653,17873
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2020,Male,73787,-,18232,27598,7815,1649,18492
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2021,Total,120901,-,26856,35779,17299,3399,37568
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2021,Female,46361,-,8799,7551,9354,1722,18935
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2021,Male,74540,-,18057,28228,7945,1677,18633
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2022,Total,123388,-,27309,36012,17928,3386,38753
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2022,Female,48639,-,9248,7940,9833,1726,19892
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here researchers 4)",2022,Male,74749,-,18061,28072,8094,1660,18861
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2004,Total,202621,50311,15473,12649,110784,3980,9425
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2004,Female,134494,27149,8665,4376,84506,2498,7300
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2004,Male,68127,23162,6808,8273,26278,1482,2125
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2005,Total,193902,46523,15018,12838,105777,3751,9996
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2005,Female,135577,27252,9158,5108,83477,2513,8069
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2005,Male,58325,19271,5860,7730,22300,1238,1927
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2006,Total,191708,46754,15002,12576,103818,3724,9835
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2006,Female,127889,24798,8429,4407,80340,2295,7622
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2006,Male,63819,21956,6573,8169,23478,1429,2213
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2007,Total,194503,47911,14905,12509,105781,3688,9710
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2007,Female,129719,25637,8366,4375,81597,2274,7471
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2007,Male,64784,22274,6539,8134,24184,1414,2239
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2008,Total,197264,49944,15484,12231,106111,3623,9872
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2008,Female,132244,26776,9063,4314,82308,2248,7536
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2008,Male,65020,23168,6421,7918,23803,1375,2336
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2009,Total,203033,52686,14975,12487,108755,3549,10583
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2009,Female,135732,28656,8430,4425,83965,2213,8044
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2009,Male,67301,24030,6546,8062,24790,1336,2539
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2010,Total,207914,56003,14226,12495,111118,3397,10677
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2010,Female,139463,31081,8056,4445,85863,2110,7909
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2010,Male,68451,24922,6170,8050,25255,1287,2768
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2011,Total,210426,58399,14103,12557,111788,3395,10186
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2011,Female,140968,32570,8024,4546,85990,2110,7729
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2011,Male,69458,25829,6079,8011,25798,1285,2457
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2012,Total,213025,60708,14017,12826,111797,3403,10275
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2012,Female,142696,34066,8000,4694,86038,2117,7783
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2012,Male,70329,26642,6017,8132,25759,1286,2492
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2013,Total,216970,61337,14491,12878,114006,3619,10639
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2013,Female,145351,34341,8321,4733,87546,2297,8114
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2013,Male,71619,26997,6170,8145,26460,1323,2525
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2014,Total,217247,63375,14296,12537,112945,3567,10529
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2014,Female,145389,35672,8287,4646,86443,2267,8076
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2014,Male,71858,27703,6010,7891,26502,1300,2454
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2015,Total,221209,64951,12406,14281,115578,3462,10533
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2015,Female,148039,36602,7348,5568,88276,2175,8071
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2015,Male,73171,28349,5059,8714,27302,1287,2462
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2016,Total,224959,66875,12375,14263,117453,3420,10574
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2016,Female,150492,37483,7306,5577,89843,2178,8107
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2016,Male,74468,29393,5069,8686,27610,1243,2468
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2017,Total,227747,69364,12219,14240,118005,3288,10632
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2017,Female,152079,38869,7215,5654,90088,2108,8145
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2017,Male,75668,30495,5004,8586,27917,1180,2487
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2018,Total,231947,70041,12080,14050,121331,3326,11120
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2018,Female,154717,39563,7142,5605,91943,2127,8338
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2018,Male,77230,30478,4938,8445,29389,1199,2782
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2019,Total,237969,72084,12014,13932,125455,3314,11171
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2019,Female,159198,40829,7138,5611,95119,2101,8401
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2019,Male,78771,31255,4876,8321,30337,1213,2771
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2020,Total,245350,74136,12009,14019,130652,3339,11197
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2020,Female,164286,41978,7136,5669,98916,2145,8444
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2020,Male,81065,32158,4874,8351,31736,1194,2753
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2021,Total,250497,76322,11838,14030,133607,3302,11399
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2021,Female,167529,43344,7033,5684,100780,2080,8609
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2021,Male,82968,32979,4805,8346,32827,1223,2790
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2022,Total,253180,78309,11719,13964,134379,3315,11496
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2022,Female,169128,44618,6962,5732,101072,2105,8640
"Administrative, technical and other personnel",2022,Male,84052,33691,4757,8232,33307,1210,2856
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2004,Total,30328,-,6536,5059,14658,1325,2750
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2004,Female,19533,-,3658,1753,11158,833,2130
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2004,Male,10795,-,2878,3306,3500,492,620
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2005,Total,29159,-,6352,5159,13675,1180,2794
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2005,Female,19808,-,3906,2097,10781,785,2240
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2005,Male,9351,-,2446,3062,2894,395,554
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2006,Total,30160,-,6458,5337,14074,1330,2966
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2006,Female,20120,-,3753,1978,11222,845,2322
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2006,Male,10040,-,2705,3359,2852,485,644
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2007,Total,30968,-,6609,5552,14760,1262,2785
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2007,Female,20496,-,3877,2019,11621,818,2160
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2007,Male,10472,-,2732,3533,3139,444,625
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2008,Total,30525,-,6958,5194,14596,1191,2586
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2008,Female,20682,-,4364,1956,11591,771,2001
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2008,Male,9843,-,2594,3239,3006,420,585
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2009,Total,30999,-,6696,5314,14919,1205,2866
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2009,Female,20792,-,3971,1961,11838,788,2234
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2009,Male,10207,-,2725,3353,3080,417,632
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2010,Total,30583,-,6605,5415,14258,1184,3122
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2010,Female,20349,-,4048,2019,11273,781,2227
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2010,Male,10234,-,2557,3396,2985,403,895
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2011,Total,30497,-,6419,5487,14419,1261,2912
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2011,Female,20454,-,3882,2095,11347,865,2264
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2011,Male,10043,-,2537,3392,3072,396,648
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2012,Total,30701,-,6488,5880,13871,1138,3324
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2012,Female,20572,-,3986,2284,10978,747,2577
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2012,Male,10129,-,2502,3596,2893,391,747
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2013,Total,30956,-,6811,5607,13970,1162,3406
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2013,Female,20948,-,4203,2268,11036,774,2668
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2013,Male,10007,-,2608,3339,2935,388,737
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2014,Total,31549,-,6821,5684,14278,1125,3641
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2014,Female,21320,-,4204,2291,11203,744,2878
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2014,Male,10230,-,2617,3393,3075,381,764
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2015,Total,30884,-,5884,6477,13701,1263,3559
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2015,Female,20840,-,3719,2733,10774,823,2790
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2015,Male,10044,-,2164,3744,2927,441,769
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2016,Total,31785,-,6465,6845,13255,1208,4012
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2016,Female,21260,-,4069,2852,10410,799,3131
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2016,Male,10524,-,2396,3994,2845,409,881
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2017,Total,31610,-,6354,6870,12972,1195,4219
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2017,Female,21110,-,3956,2968,10163,795,3229
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2017,Male,10500,-,2398,3902,2809,401,990
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2018,Total,32292,-,6347,6827,13557,1202,4360
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2018,Female,21594,-,3981,2943,10539,789,3342
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2018,Male,10699,-,2365,3884,3018,412,1019
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2019,Total,32804,-,6233,6604,14328,1226,4413
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2019,Female,22028,-,3904,2831,11113,767,3413
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2019,Male,10776,-,2330,3773,3215,459,1000
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2020,Total,34054,-,6245,6806,15181,1264,4559
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2020,Female,22890,-,3893,2921,11728,820,3528
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2020,Male,11164,-,2353,3885,3453,444,1031
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2021,Total,35642,-,6213,6890,16821,1203,4515
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2021,Female,24050,-,3854,2983,12974,759,3480
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2021,Male,11592,-,2359,3907,3848,444,1035
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2022,Total,35873,-,6085,6775,17219,1217,4578
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2022,Female,24295,-,3762,2977,13243,776,3536
"  Of which, R&D personnel, here technical and other personnel 4)",2022,Male,11578,-,2323,3798,3976,441,1041
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2004,Total,352128,55835,48038,36800,148789,8329,54337
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2004,Female,174090,29014,14665,7198,97899,3955,21359
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2004,Male,178038,26821,33373,29602,50890,4374,32978
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2005,Total,348109,52010,48490,38623,145895,7935,55156
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2005,Female,180348,29310,16279,8491,98838,4089,23341
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2005,Male,167761,22700,32211,30132,47057,3846,31815
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2006,Total,349880,53081,47304,38962,143734,7808,58991
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2006,Female,173808,27145,15169,8034,95108,3787,24567
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2006,Male,176072,25936,32135,30928,48626,4021,34424
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2007,Total,358385,55060,47977,39678,147329,7920,60422
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2007,Female,179271,28448,15613,8265,97514,3895,25536
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2007,Male,179114,26612,32364,31413,49815,4025,34886
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2008,Total,368047,57908,50203,40356,148695,7969,62916
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2008,Female,186107,29976,16989,8511,99386,3946,27301
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2008,Male,181940,27932,33214,31846,49310,4023,35616
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2009,Total,386912,61512,52426,43581,153248,8063,68083
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2009,Female,194916,32299,17194,9296,102241,4059,29827
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2009,Male,191996,29213,35232,34285,51007,4004,38256
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2010,Total,403401,66010,53732,46544,157385,8178,71550
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2010,Female,204017,35344,17549,9984,105580,4087,31472
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2010,Male,199384,30666,36183,36560,51805,4091,40078
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2011,Total,412058,69020,54829,47819,159119,8274,72997
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2011,Female,208837,37289,17979,10409,106467,4191,32504
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2011,Male,203221,31731,36850,37410,52652,4083,40493
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2012,Total,421620,72314,55913,49999,160002,8346,75047
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2012,Female,214125,39407,18402,11023,107187,4267,33840
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2012,Male,207495,32907,37511,38976,52815,4079,41207
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2013,Total,432616,73537,57331,51556,163696,8575,77921
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2013,Female,220621,40008,19123,11459,109803,4459,35769
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2013,Male,211995,33528,38208,40096,53894,4116,42152
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2014,Total,436981,76361,57216,52137,163209,8520,79538
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2014,Female,222728,41692,19216,11557,109026,4442,36794
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2014,Male,214252,34669,38000,40579,54183,4078,42745
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2015,Total,443144,77604,46089,63483,166768,8517,80683
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2015,Female,227412,42619,17084,14193,111656,4426,37435
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2015,Male,215732,34984,29006,49291,55112,4091,43249
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2016,Total,449116,79471,46203,63874,170005,8507,81057
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2016,Female,231285,43525,17099,14269,114155,4443,37795
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2016,Male,217831,35946,29104,49605,55850,4064,43262
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2017,Total,457236,82062,46663,65229,171989,8633,82659
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2017,Female,235506,44996,17293,14858,114967,4553,38839
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2017,Male,221730,37066,29370,50372,57022,4079,43820
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2018,Total,466132,83211,46740,65971,177111,8781,84317
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2018,Female,240947,46009,17443,15064,117883,4627,39921
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2018,Male,225185,37202,29297,50907,59228,4154,44396
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2019,Total,475844,84905,46990,66846,183108,8742,85254
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2019,Female,247767,47067,17708,15483,122119,4620,40772
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2019,Male,228077,37838,29282,51363,60989,4122,44482
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2020,Total,489879,87397,47387,68436,191236,8840,86583
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2020,Female,256846,48378,17895,16184,127842,4721,41828
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2020,Male,233033,39020,29492,52252,63394,4119,44756
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2021,Total,501357,90104,47476,69975,196059,8923,88819
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2021,Female,264313,49997,18019,16897,131090,4754,43556
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2021,Male,237044,40107,29458,53078,64969,4170,45263
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2022,Total,505597,92481,47383,69839,198024,8883,88987
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2022,Female,268119,51548,18224,17326,132321,4769,43931
Total personnel with main occupation in higher education,2022,Male,237478,40933,29159,52513,65703,4114,45056
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2004,Total,96092,-,27498,17949,24447,3789,22408
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2004,Female,35337,-,7519,3271,14597,1658,8292
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2004,Male,60755,-,19979,14678,9850,2131,14116
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2005,Total,94522,-,26932,18463,23380,3530,22218
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2005,Female,38082,-,8643,3970,14606,1716,9146
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2005,Male,56440,-,18289,14493,8774,1814,13072
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2006,Total,97433,-,27521,19586,24037,3587,22702
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2006,Female,39916,-,8706,4335,16223,1704,8948
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2006,Male,57517,-,18815,15251,7814,1883,13754
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2007,Total,103953,-,29338,21006,26000,3689,23919
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2007,Female,42954,-,9435,4493,16875,1889,10262
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2007,Male,60999,-,19903,16513,9125,1800,13657
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2008,Total,107529,-,31261,21498,26496,3620,24654
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2008,Female,42339,-,9875,4531,17146,1687,9101
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2008,Male,65191,-,21386,16968,9350,1933,15553
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2009,Total,115851,-,33634,23836,27283,3835,27263
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2009,Female,44851,-,10129,5026,17716,1798,10183
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2009,Male,71000,-,23505,18811,9567,2037,17080
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2010,Total,120981,-,35191,25380,27109,3997,29303
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2010,Female,46480,-,10659,5378,17520,1910,11014
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2010,Male,74501,-,24532,20002,9589,2087,18289
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2011,Total,124308,-,35984,26511,27750,4120,29944
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2011,Female,48199,-,10842,5699,17989,2053,11615
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2011,Male,76109,-,25142,20812,9761,2067,18329
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2012,Total,127900,-,36680,28381,27209,4094,31537
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2012,Female,49778,-,11189,6280,17689,2010,12610
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2012,Male,78122,-,25491,22101,9520,2084,18927
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2013,Total,130079,-,37400,28094,27539,4120,32926
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2013,Female,56012,-,12775,6568,18158,2194,16318
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2013,Male,74067,-,24626,21526,9381,1926,16608
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2014,Total,132542,-,37417,29323,28479,3899,33424
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2014,Female,57078,-,12867,6700,18587,2084,16841
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2014,Male,75463,-,24549,22623,9892,1815,16583
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2015,Total,134032,-,31320,35041,27713,3995,35963
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2015,Female,58195,-,11608,8024,18227,2164,18172
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2015,Male,75837,-,19712,27017,9486,1831,17791
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2016,Total,141661,-,33136,37300,27541,4194,39490
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2016,Female,60640,-,12244,8432,17912,2272,19780
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2016,Male,81021,-,20892,28869,9629,1922,19710
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2017,Total,143753,-,33196,38523,27358,4348,40328
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2017,Female,61572,-,12220,8923,17742,2365,20321
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2017,Male,82180,-,20976,29600,9615,1983,20007
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2018,Total,147160,-,33371,39195,28577,4437,41581
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2018,Female,63634,-,12490,9030,18473,2387,21253
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2018,Male,83526,-,20880,30165,10104,2050,20328
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2019,Total,147316,-,32786,39728,29856,4492,40454
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2019,Female,64054,-,12355,9214,19347,2393,20746
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2019,Male,83261,-,20431,30514,10509,2099,19708
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2020,Total,151692,-,32933,41281,31989,4566,40924
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2020,Female,66741,-,12348,9798,20721,2473,21401
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2020,Male,84951,-,20585,31483,11268,2093,19523
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2021,Total,156543,-,33069,42669,34120,4602,42083
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2021,Female,70411,-,12653,10534,22328,2481,22415
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2021,Male,86132,-,20416,32135,11792,2121,19668
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2022,Total,159261,-,33394,42787,35146,4602,43331
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2022,Female,72933,-,13010,10917,23076,2502,23428
"  Of which, R&D personnel 4)",2022,Male,86327,-,20384,31870,12070,2101,19903
,,,,,,,,,
"Source: Federal Statistical Office, special evaluation; German Centre for Higher Education Research and Science Studies, calculations",,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,
Notes:,,,,,,,,,
1) Personnel with main occupation at private and public higher education institutions (excluding interns and apprentices). Part-time employees were converted to full-time equivalents using a standard factor of 0.5.,,,,,,,,,
2) Including central institutions of university clinics.,,,,,,,,,
"3) As of 2015, changes of the classification of scientific branches and fields: engineering includes informatics. Increases in higher education are partly methodologically conditioned by the recalculation of R&D coefficients from 2016 onwards.",,,,,,,,,
"4) The R&D personnel was calculated in accordance with the procedure (R&D coefficients) agreed on by the Standing Conference of Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs of the Länder in the Federal Republic of Germany (KMK), the German Council of Science and Humanities, the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and the Federal Statistical Office. In accordance with international guidelines, personnel of central institutions are not included in R&D personnel figures.",,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,
- = no figures or magnitude zero.,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,
"Results of the ICE-BMBF's ICE-Database of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) (ICE = Information, Controlling, Entscheidung)",,,,,,,,,
"A system of the German Centre for Higher Education Research and Science Studies (DZHW), http://www.dzhw.eu/en/index_html",,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,
"Last update: January 28, 2025",,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,
This work is licensed under a Data licence Germany attribution 2.0.,,,,,,,,,
(https://www.govdata.de/dl-de/by-2-0),,,,,,,,,