Tab.1.1.3,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Regional distribution of R&D expenditure in the Federal Republic of Germany (implementation of R&D) 1),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,1995,1997,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,1995,1997,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023
Federal Land,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Millions of euros,Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%),Share (%)
Baden-Württemberg,9291,10039,11010,11616,11978,12215,12342,12477,13697,14374,15683,16863,16360,17049,19472,20335,20204,21469,22733,23451,27910,29179,30275,28758,30374,32526,36092,23,23.4,22.8,22.9,23,22.8,22.6,22.7,24.5,24.4,25.5,25.3,24.4,24.4,25.8,25.7,25.4,25.5,25.6,25.5,28.1,27.9,27.5,27,26.9,26.8,27.4
Bavaria,8220,8505,9637,10126,10843,11027,11359,11442,11485,12286,12210,13210,13050,13622,14418,15306,15942,16701,17359,18059,18704,19689,21706,21000,22560,24388,26406,20.3,19.8,19.9,19.9,20.8,20.6,20.8,20.8,20.6,20.9,19.9,19.9,19.5,19.5,19.1,19.4,20,19.8,19.6,19.6,18.8,18.8,19.7,19.7,19.9,20.1,20
Berlin,2496,2651,2815,2911,3272,3350,3143,3146,3044,3205,2868,3134,3349,3541,3609,3774,4021,4281,4411,4552,4758,5111,5237,5135,5537,5771,6079,6.2,6.2,5.8,5.7,6.3,6.3,5.7,5.7,5.5,5.4,4.7,4.7,5,5.1,4.8,4.8,5,5.1,5,4.9,4.8,4.9,4.8,4.8,4.9,4.8,4.6
Brandenburg,505,582,673,641,659,631,551,594,573,623,652,721,749,796,955,975,937,1006,1092,1159,1195,1220,1358,1379,1387,1495,1426,1.2,1.4,1.4,1.3,1.3,1.2,1,1.1,1,1.1,1.1,1.1,1.1,1.1,1.3,1.2,1.2,1.2,1.2,1.3,1.2,1.2,1.2,1.3,1.2,1.2,1.1
Bremen,579,422,451,472,488,534,640,646,538,575,587,658,661,705,752,755,793,852,873,912,909,947,1006,1196,1117,1183,1145,1.4,1,0.9,0.9,0.9,1,1.2,1.2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0.9,0.9,0.9,1.1,1,1,0.9
Hamburg,1230,1307,1268,1310,1136,1120,1440,1386,1554,1636,1667,1824,1931,1972,2100,2198,2308,2453,2423,2513,2500,2635,2699,2651,2822,3089,4072,3,3,2.6,2.6,2.2,2.1,2.6,2.5,2.8,2.8,2.7,2.7,2.9,2.8,2.8,2.8,2.9,2.9,2.7,2.7,2.5,2.5,2.5,2.5,2.5,2.5,3.1
Hesse,3630,3759,4498,4769,4646,4750,5117,5148,5218,5585,5674,6203,6515,6775,6832,7174,6865,7314,7403,7752,8182,8622,9131,8744,9373,10105,10684,9,8.8,9.3,9.4,8.9,8.9,9.4,9.4,9.3,9.5,9.2,9.3,9.7,9.7,9.1,9.1,8.6,8.7,8.3,8.4,8.2,8.2,8.3,8.2,8.3,8.3,8.1
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania,252,269,296,307,350,361,410,428,449,451,463,521,618,689,743,770,683,732,753,759,785,810,846,842,882,942,808,0.6,0.6,0.6,0.6,0.7,0.7,0.7,0.8,0.8,0.8,0.8,0.8,0.9,1,1,1,0.9,0.9,0.8,0.8,0.8,0.8,0.8,0.8,0.8,0.8,0.6
Lower Saxony,2800,2896,4019,4211,4544,4756,5297,5328,4379,4484,5156,5618,5539,5723,6469,6746,7009,7363,8867,9156,8928,9316,9636,9238,8597,9153,10102,6.9,6.8,8.3,8.3,8.7,8.9,9.7,9.7,7.8,7.6,8.4,8.4,8.3,8.2,8.6,8.5,8.8,8.7,10,9.9,9,8.9,8.8,8.7,7.6,7.5,7.7
North Rhine-Westphalia,6727,7103,7832,8289,8145,8484,8468,8528,8762,9238,9481,10226,10654,11004,11556,12189,11761,12555,12689,13231,14336,15189,15528,15237,16386,17628,19386,16.6,16.6,16.2,16.3,15.6,15.9,15.5,15.5,15.7,15.7,15.4,15.4,15.9,15.7,15.3,15.4,14.8,14.9,14.3,14.4,14.4,14.5,14.1,14.3,14.5,14.5,14.7
Rhineland-Palatinate,1471,1775,1967,2076,1819,1841,1683,1701,1676,1834,1951,2092,2156,2303,2387,2465,2655,2759,3188,3374,3498,3680,3831,3666,4509,4826,6434,3.6,4.1,4.1,4.1,3.5,3.4,3.1,3.1,3,3.1,3.2,3.1,3.2,3.3,3.2,3.1,3.3,3.3,3.6,3.7,3.5,3.5,3.5,3.4,4,4,4.9
Saarland,210,226,236,246,268,264,276,288,293,297,325,353,360,391,472,470,462,472,535,534,619,624,674,662,706,745,688,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.5,0.6,0.6,0.6,0.6,0.6,0.6,0.6,0.6,0.6,0.6,0.6,0.6,0.6,0.5
Saxony,1315,1535,1754,1829,1879,1937,1856,1860,2010,2060,2407,2624,2485,2642,2787,2838,2872,2891,3099,3203,3400,3595,3864,3852,4175,4412,3569,3.3,3.6,3.6,3.6,3.6,3.6,3.4,3.4,3.6,3.5,3.9,3.9,3.7,3.8,3.7,3.6,3.6,3.4,3.5,3.5,3.4,3.4,3.5,3.6,3.7,3.6,2.7
Saxony-Anhalt,516,527,544,596,567,551,536,527,558,573,589,608,667,720,770,758,780,816,810,860,919,980,990,999,1083,1176,1135,1.3,1.2,1.1,1.2,1.1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0.9,1,1,1,1,1,1,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,0.9,1,1,0.9
Schleswig-Holstein,635,644,676,693,746,785,752,731,775,839,849,905,923,961,1080,1140,1198,1287,1277,1342,1448,1556,1657,1601,1756,1913,1870,1.6,1.5,1.4,1.4,1.4,1.5,1.4,1.3,1.4,1.4,1.4,1.4,1.4,1.4,1.4,1.4,1.5,1.5,1.4,1.5,1.5,1.5,1.5,1.5,1.6,1.6,1.4
Thuringia,543,629,634,685,841,889,803,824,811,851,881,962,986,1041,1082,1130,1158,1195,1183,1225,1362,1424,1489,1529,1822,1960,1993,1.3,1.5,1.3,1.3,1.6,1.7,1.5,1.5,1.5,1.4,1.4,1.4,1.5,1.5,1.4,1.4,1.5,1.4,1.3,1.3,1.4,1.4,1.4,1.4,1.6,1.6,1.5
"Länder, total",40419,42869,48309,50777,52181,53495,54672,55054,55822,58910,61443,66523,67003,69931,75484,79023,79648,84147,88694,92081,99454,104576,109928,106489,113086,121312,131889,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100,100
German institutions based abroad,35,48,44,48,55,57,56,45,57,55,59,70,74,82,86,89,83,101,89,94,100,93,97,94,98,109,119,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m
Total,40454,42917,48353,50825,52236,53551,54728,55097,55879,58967,61501,66594,67078,70014,75569,79110,79729,84246,88782,92174,99554,104669,110025,106583,113184,121421,132008,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m,m
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"Source: Federal Statistical Office (GENESIS-Online database - 21821 Reports on research and development, special evaluation)",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
This table also appears in the Federal Report on Research and Innovation as Table 13.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Notes:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"1) Estimated in some cases. In even-numbered years, allocation to the federal states on a percentage basis according to the shares from the previous year.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
m = data not available.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"Results of the ICE-BMBF's ICE-Database of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) (ICE = Information, Controlling, Entscheidung)",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"A system of the German Centre for Higher Education Research and Science Studies (DZHW), http://www.dzhw.eu/en/index_html",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"Last update: August 28, 2025",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
This work is licensed under a Data licence Germany attribution 2.0.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
(https://www.govdata.de/dl-de/by-2-0),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,